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QUE : WHAT IS HENRY'S LAW?

 SOL: HENRY'S LAW  "the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas over the solution at a given temperature

 m  ∝   P   or
                                            m = k  P   where k is Henry's constant.
In the  mixture of  non reacting gases in a solution, solubility of each gas is directly proportional to its own partial pressure. Solubility can be expressed in terms of mole fraction ,then Henry's law can be stated as
 " mole fraction of the gas in a solution is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas"
                               x   ∝  p            where, x is a mole fraction of the gas in solution
      or               p = KH x              where KH is called Henry's law constant.

QUE : WHAT ARE SUPERSATURATED SOLUTION ? HOW THEY ARE PREPARED?

 SOL SUPERSATURATED SOLUTION   When a saturated solution is prepared at higher temperature and cooled, a solution is formed, that contains more than maximum amount of solute that required for a saturated solution at that temperature and is called supersaturated solution. Generally it is unstable and reverses back to the saturated solution when excess of solute comes out from solution to the solid state.

QUE: WHAT ARE SATURATED AND UNSATURATED SOLUTION?

 SOL : SATURATED SOLUTION   a solution which remains in contact with undissolved solute is termed as saturated solution. or                                                                                                                                        a solution in which amount of solute is maximum and in which no more solute can be dissolved in the given amount of the solvent.

UNSATURATED SOLUTION   a solution that contains less than the maximum amount of the solute that is capable of being dissolved at a given temperature.


QUE : WHAT IS SOLUBILITY ? GIVE SOME FACTORS ON WHICH SOLUBILITY DEPENDS.

 SOL:SOLUBILITY  it is the maximum amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a specific amount of a solvent  OR                                                                                                     the amount of solute dissolved in 100 gram of a solvent to form a saturated solution at a given temperature is called solubility of solute.

 General factors influencing solubility                                                                             

1 nature of solute 

2 nature of solvent 

3 temperature

4 type of reaction i.e. exothermic or endothermic 

5 pressure

QUE : WHAT IS PYROELECTRICITY?

 SOL:  PYROELECTRICITY  Some polar crystal when heated produces some electric current. This phenomenon is called pyroelectricity. Atoms gets displaced upon heating producing electricity.

QUE : WHAT ARE PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL AND PIEZOELECTRICITY ?

 SOL:  PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL  A dielectric crystal in which dipoles aligned in an ordered way and produce some resultant dipole moment is called piezoelectric crystal.

PIEZOELECTRICITY  When external pressure is applied on piezoelectric crystal electricity is produced and is called piezoelectricity. The mechanical stress leads to displacement of ions in crystal which results into electricity. if crystal is placed in electric field then mechanical stress is produced due to displacement of dipoles. example pickups in record players.

QUE : WHAT ARE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES ?

SOL : DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES  The properties which develops due to formation of dipole is called dielectric properties. In insulators electrons are localised. In ionic solids electrons are tightly held to the ions do not allow electricity to pass through them. however when electric field is applied some induced charges are formed which leads to the formation of dipole. these dipoles results into many property according to their orientation.

  1. They may orient in such a way to produce resultant dipole moment.
  2. They may orient in such a way to produce zero dipole moment. 
  3. There is no production of dipoles at all.

QUE : WHAT IS CURIE TEMPERATURE ?

SOL : CURIE TEMPERATURE  The temperature at which ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic substance becomes paramagnetic is called curie temperature.


QUE : WHAT ARE ANTIFERROMAGNETIC SOLIDS?

 SOL: ANTIFERROMAGNETIC SOLIDS   In some paramagnetic substances magnetic moment due to unpaired electrons are aligned in such a way that the mutually cancel out each other results into zero magnetic moment. This property is called antiferromagnetism. Solids which show this property are called antiferromagnet solids.



QUE : WHAT ARE FERROMAGNETIC SOLIDS ?

SOL: FERROMAGNETIC SOLIDS  These are substances strongly attracted by magnetic field. They become permanent magnet under the influence of external magnetic field. This property is called ferromagnetism. Ferromagnetism in paramagnetism arises due to spontaneous alignment of magnetic moments in the same direction.